In the Third world, unproductive investments in services labelIed as corruption are frequent. In industrialized countries such activities are successfully kept under control by way of criminalization. Not so in the Third World where they cannot generally be defined as corrupt as there are no societal structures corresponding to the concept of corruption. In the Third world activities usually regarded as corrupt are often publically accepted and therefore do not entail a breach of confidence. Power structures and hence the perception of legitimacy and public interest are unclear, changing and personalized. The difference in power structures between the third world and industrialized countries results from the fact that the means of production are not in the hands of a society controlling the state but at the disposition of the state itself, i.e. of officials who have no interest in self-limitation through clear criteria of right and wrong
